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Bring the diner home

25 Thanksgiving Side Dishes That Steal the Table

The turkey is the reason for the Thanksgiving table, but the sides are why people come back with a clean corner on their plate. A good diner turkey special understands the same thing: the potatoes, dressing and gravy have to carry their share. I want something crisp beside the soft dishes and something tart beside all that butter. Choose one stuffing, one potato dish and a couple of vegetables before deciding how many extra pans your oven can handle. The sweet casseroles and cranberry dishes earn their place in small spoonfuls. Active prep and cooking times are listed with each recipe; the steps call out additional dough rises, overnight chilling and resting time so those waits don’t surprise you.

Sweet Potato Casserole with Marshmallows

The marshmallows belong on an already-hot casserole. Put them on at the beginning and they’ll turn dark long before the potatoes warm through. I keep the mash only lightly sweetened because the topping supplies plenty of sugar. A little salt and vanilla make it taste rounded, and the soft orange layer should hold a spoonful without running across the plate.

orange mashed sweet potato casserole in a plain baking dish topped with puffy golden miniature marshmallows, with one spooned-out portion exposing the smooth potato layer
Melissa Hart

Sweet Potato Casserole with Marshmallows

The marshmallows belong on an already-hot casserole. Put them on at the beginning and they'll turn dark long before the potatoes warm through. I keep the mash only lightly sweetened because the topping supplies plenty of sugar. A little salt and vanilla make it taste rounded, and the soft orange layer should hold a spoonful without running across the plate.
Prep Time 20 minutes
Cook Time 50 minutes
Total Time 1 hour 10 minutes
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

Method
 

  1. Put the sweet potatoes in a large pot and cover with cold water by 1 inch. Bring to a boil, then simmer for 15 to 18 minutes until easily pierced; drain well and let steam dry for 3 minutes.
  2. Heat the oven to 350°F and butter a 2-quart baking dish with the measured teaspoon butter.
  3. Mash the hot potatoes with the remaining butter, evaporated milk, brown sugar, vanilla, salt and cinnamon until mostly smooth. Spread evenly in the dish.
  4. Bake for 25 minutes until the center is hot. Scatter the marshmallows in a single loose layer over the surface.
  5. Bake for 5 to 7 minutes more, watching closely, until the marshmallows puff and turn golden. Let stand for 5 minutes before serving.

Sweet Potato Casserole with Pecan Streusel

Roast the sweet potatoes until their skins slump and the flesh gives easily under a spoon. That keeps excess water out of the filling. The pecan-and-oat topping needs to stay in rough clumps, with gaps where steam can escape. Orange zest gives the potatoes a little sharpness under the brown sugar. Let the baked casserole settle before you break through that nutty crust.

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a baked sweet potato casserole with an uneven brown pecan-and-oat streusel crust and a spooned opening revealing dense orange filling in an everyday baking dish
Melissa Hart

Sweet Potato Casserole with Pecan Streusel

Roast the sweet potatoes until their skins slump and the flesh gives easily under a spoon. That keeps excess water out of the filling. The pecan-and-oat topping needs to stay in rough clumps, with gaps where steam can escape. Orange zest gives the potatoes a little sharpness under the brown sugar. Let the baked casserole settle before you break through that nutty crust.
Prep Time 25 minutes
Cook Time 1 hour 35 minutes
Total Time 2 hours
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 400°F. Pierce the sweet potatoes, place on a lined baking sheet and roast for 50 to 60 minutes until fully soft. Let cool for 10 minutes, then split and scoop out the flesh.
  2. Lower the oven to 350°F and butter a 2-quart baking dish. Mash the potato flesh with melted filling butter, milk, filling sugar, orange zest and 1/2 teaspoon salt; let cool until warm rather than hot.
  3. Beat in the eggs until combined and spread the filling in the dish.
  4. Mix pecans, oats, flour, topping sugar and remaining salt. Rub in the cold topping butter until small clumps form, then scatter evenly over the filling.
  5. Bake for 30 to 35 minutes until the center reaches 160°F and the topping is crisp and browned. Rest for 10 minutes before scooping.

Green Bean Casserole

Fresh beans need a short head start before they meet the mushroom sauce. Skip that blanch and the casserole can come out with a soft topping over squeaky beans. Brown the mushrooms until their water disappears, too. A thick sauce clings to the vegetables instead of collecting in a gray puddle, while fried onions added near the end keep their crunch.

cut green beans and sliced mushrooms in a thick pale sauce topped with crispy fried onions in a plain casserole dish
Melissa Hart

Green Bean Casserole

Fresh beans need a short head start before they meet the mushroom sauce. Skip that blanch and the casserole can come out with a soft topping over squeaky beans. Brown the mushrooms until their water disappears, too. A thick sauce clings to the vegetables instead of collecting in a gray puddle, while fried onions added near the end keep their crunch.
Prep Time 25 minutes
Cook Time 45 minutes
Total Time 1 hour 10 minutes
Servings: 8

Ingredients
  

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 375°F. Boil the green beans in a large pot of water for 4 minutes, then drain and rinse briefly with cold water to stop cooking; drain thoroughly.
  2. Melt butter in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Cook the onion and mushrooms for 8 to 10 minutes, stirring, until the mushrooms brown and the pan no longer holds loose liquid.
  3. Stir in flour for 1 minute. Gradually whisk in broth and milk, then add salt, pepper and mustard; simmer for 3 to 4 minutes until the sauce coats a spoon.
  4. Fold in the beans and 1/2 cup fried onions. Transfer to a 2-quart baking dish and bake for 15 minutes until bubbling around the edges.
  5. Top with the remaining fried onions and bake for 5 to 7 minutes until crisp and golden. Rest for 5 minutes before serving.

Classic Bread Stuffing

For a plate with plenty of gravy, I want white-bread stuffing with a soft middle and a toasted top, which means giving the pan both covered and uncovered oven time. Dry the bread first so it drinks up the seasoned broth without collapsing, and rub the sage between your fingers so nobody bites into a big dusty flake.

a pan of golden bread stuffing with distinct toasted bread cubes, small celery and onion pieces, and a moist interior exposed by a serving spoon
Melissa Hart

Classic Bread Stuffing

For a plate with plenty of gravy, I want white-bread stuffing with a soft middle and a toasted top, which means giving the pan both covered and uncovered oven time. Dry the bread first so it drinks up the seasoned broth without collapsing, and rub the sage between your fingers so nobody bites into a big dusty flake.
Prep Time 25 minutes
Cook Time 1 hour 5 minutes
Total Time 1 hour 30 minutes
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 350°F. Spread the bread cubes on a large baking sheet and dry in the oven for 10 minutes, stirring once; transfer to a large bowl.
  2. Use 1 tablespoon butter to grease a 9-by-13-inch baking dish. Melt the other 5 tablespoons in a skillet and cook onion and celery for 8 to 10 minutes until softened; stir in sage, thyme, salt and pepper.
  3. Toss the vegetables with the bread. Whisk broth and eggs together, pour over the bowl and fold gently until evenly moistened; let stand for 5 minutes.
  4. Spoon loosely into the baking dish without packing down. Cover with foil and bake for 25 minutes.
  5. Uncover and bake for 15 to 20 minutes until the top is golden and the center reaches 165°F. Let stand for 10 minutes before serving.

Cornbread Dressing

Cornbread dressing should scoop softly rather than fall into dry crumbs. Use plain, unsweetened cornbread that’s had a day to firm up; a very sweet corn muffin changes the whole dish. The small amount of white bread helps it hold together. This is the dressing for the part of the plate where turkey gravy is going to land.

golden cornbread dressing with a softly crumbled interior and small cooked celery pieces in a plain rectangular baking dish
Melissa Hart

Cornbread Dressing

Cornbread dressing should scoop softly rather than fall into dry crumbs. Use plain, unsweetened cornbread that's had a day to firm up; a very sweet corn muffin changes the whole dish. The small amount of white bread helps it hold together. This is the dressing for the part of the plate where turkey gravy is going to land.
Prep Time 25 minutes
Cook Time 55 minutes
Total Time 1 hour 20 minutes
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

  • 8 cups day-old unsweetened cornbread coarsely crumbled, about 1 1/4 lbs
  • 3 cups day-old white bread cubes
  • 5 tbsp unsalted butter divided
  • 1 large yellow onion finely diced
  • 3 celery ribs finely diced
  • 1 1/2 tsp dried rubbed sage
  • 1/2 tsp dried thyme
  • 3/4 tsp fine salt
  • 1/2 tsp black pepper
  • 3 cups low-sodium chicken broth
  • 2 large eggs

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 350°F and grease a 9-by-13-inch baking dish with 1 tablespoon butter. Combine the crumbled cornbread and white bread in a large bowl.
  2. Melt the remaining butter in a skillet over medium heat. Cook onion and celery for 8 to 10 minutes until soft, then stir in sage, thyme, salt and pepper.
  3. Fold the vegetables into the bread. Whisk broth and eggs together and fold into the mixture; let stand for 10 minutes so the crumbs absorb the liquid.
  4. Spread in the dish and cover with foil. Bake for 25 minutes, then remove the foil.
  5. Bake for 15 to 20 minutes more until golden at the edges and 165°F in the center. Rest for 10 minutes before serving in soft spoonfuls.

Buttery Mashed Potatoes

Drain the potatoes well. Then give them a minute in the warm pot to lose surface water before adding anything else. That pause keeps the butter and milk from becoming a thin sauce around wet chunks. A hand masher leaves a few small lumps, which I like. A food processor can turn the same potatoes gluey before you’ve had time to notice.

fluffy pale yellow mashed potatoes with rough spoon swirls and a few small potato lumps in an ordinary serving bowl
Melissa Hart

Buttery Mashed Potatoes

Drain the potatoes well. Then give them a minute in the warm pot to lose surface water before adding anything else. That pause keeps the butter and milk from becoming a thin sauce around wet chunks. A hand masher leaves a few small lumps, which I like. A food processor can turn the same potatoes gluey before you've had time to notice.
Prep Time 20 minutes
Cook Time 25 minutes
Total Time 45 minutes
Servings: 8

Ingredients
  

  • 3 lbs Yukon Gold potatoes peeled and cut into 1 1/2-inch chunks
  • 1 tbsp fine salt for cooking water
  • 6 tbsp unsalted butter
  • 3/4 cup whole milk
  • 3/4 tsp fine salt for seasoning
  • 1/4 tsp white pepper

Method
 

  1. Place the potatoes in a large pot, cover with cold water by 1 inch and add the tablespoon salt. Bring to a boil, then simmer for 15 to 20 minutes until a knife slips easily through the largest pieces.
  2. Warm the milk and butter in a small saucepan over low heat until the butter melts; keep below a boil.
  3. Drain the potatoes thoroughly and return to the warm pot over low heat for 1 minute, shaking gently to dry their surfaces.
  4. Mash by hand, then fold in the warm milk mixture a little at a time until the potatoes are fluffy and spoonable.
  5. Fold in the remaining salt and white pepper. Transfer to a warm serving bowl and serve while hot.

Make-Ahead Mashed Potatoes

Cream cheese helps these potatoes stay smooth through a night in the refrigerator and a second heating. Make shallow ridges across the top so the final butter has somewhere to settle. Cover the dish while it heats; an uncovered pan can develop a dry crust before the middle is hot. These free up a burner when the gravy needs your attention.

a baked dish of creamy mashed potatoes with shallow spoon ridges and lightly golden buttery patches on top
Melissa Hart

Make-Ahead Mashed Potatoes

Cream cheese helps these potatoes stay smooth through a night in the refrigerator and a second heating. Make shallow ridges across the top so the final butter has somewhere to settle. Cover the dish while it heats; an uncovered pan can develop a dry crust before the middle is hot. These free up a burner when the gravy needs your attention.
Prep Time 25 minutes
Cook Time 1 hour 10 minutes
Total Time 1 hour 35 minutes
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

  • 4 lbs russet potatoes peeled and cut into 1 1/2-inch chunks
  • 1 tbsp fine salt for cooking water
  • 6 oz cream cheese softened
  • 3/4 cup sour cream
  • 1/2 cup whole milk
  • 5 tbsp unsalted butter divided
  • 1 tsp fine salt for seasoning
  • 1/2 tsp black pepper

Method
 

  1. Cover the potatoes with cold water by 1 inch in a large pot and add the cooking salt. Bring to a boil, then simmer for 18 to 20 minutes until tender; drain and steam dry for 2 minutes.
  2. Grease a 9-by-13-inch metal baking pan with 1 tablespoon butter. Mash the potatoes by hand, then fold in cream cheese, sour cream, milk, 2 tablespoons butter, seasoning salt and pepper.
  3. Spread in the pan and make shallow ridges on top. Dot with the remaining 2 tablespoons butter; cool briefly and refrigerate within 2 hours, covering once chilled, for up to 24 hours.
  4. Heat the oven to 350°F. Cover the cold metal pan tightly with foil and bake for 35 minutes.
  5. Uncover and bake for 10 to 15 minutes more until the center reaches 165°F. Let stand for 5 minutes before serving.

Stovetop Mac and Cheese

When every oven rack is occupied, a pot of stovetop macaroni is an easy decision, especially with a smooth cheddar-and-Jack sauce that needs no browned crust. Grate the cheese yourself, stir it in off the heat and leave the sauce slightly loose before adding the noodles, because they’ll keep taking up liquid on the way to the table.

elbow macaroni coated in a smooth orange-yellow cheese sauce in an everyday serving bowl, without a baked crust or garnish
Melissa Hart

Stovetop Mac and Cheese

When every oven rack is occupied, a pot of stovetop macaroni is an easy decision, especially with a smooth cheddar-and-Jack sauce that needs no browned crust. Grate the cheese yourself, stir it in off the heat and leave the sauce slightly loose before adding the noodles, because they'll keep taking up liquid on the way to the table.
Prep Time 15 minutes
Cook Time 20 minutes
Total Time 35 minutes
Servings: 8

Ingredients
  

Method
 

  1. Bring a large pot of water to a boil, add the tablespoon salt and cook macaroni according to its package until just tender. Reserve 1/2 cup pasta water, then drain.
  2. While the pasta cooks, melt butter in a large saucepan over medium heat. Whisk in flour and cook for 1 minute without browning.
  3. Gradually whisk in milk, then add mustard, sauce salt and pepper. Simmer gently for 4 to 5 minutes, stirring, until the sauce lightly coats a spoon.
  4. Remove from the heat and stir in cheddar and Monterey Jack by handfuls until smooth. Avoid boiling after the cheese goes in.
  5. Fold in macaroni and add the reserved pasta water 1 tablespoon at a time only if needed to keep the sauce flowing. Serve promptly from a warm bowl.

Scalloped Potatoes

Thin, even slices matter more than a fancy baking dish. A thick potato slice can stay stubbornly firm under a browned top, so check the middle with a knife before deciding the casserole is done. This version uses a milk-and-cream sauce with onion and no cheese. Let it settle after baking so you can lift tender layers instead of chasing hot liquid around the plate.

thin overlapping potato slices in a pale creamy onion sauce with a lightly browned surface and visible tender layers in a plain baking dish
Melissa Hart

Scalloped Potatoes

Thin, even slices matter more than a fancy baking dish. A thick potato slice can stay stubbornly firm under a browned top, so check the middle with a knife before deciding the casserole is done. This version uses a milk-and-cream sauce with onion and no cheese. Let it settle after baking so you can lift tender layers instead of chasing hot liquid around the plate.
Prep Time 25 minutes
Cook Time 1 hour 25 minutes
Total Time 1 hour 50 minutes
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

  • 3 lbs Yukon Gold potatoes peeled and sliced 1/8 inch thick
  • 4 tbsp unsalted butter divided
  • 1 medium yellow onion thinly sliced
  • 3 tbsp all-purpose flour
  • 2 cups whole milk
  • 1 cup heavy cream
  • 1 1/4 tsp fine salt
  • 1/2 tsp black pepper
  • 1/4 tsp ground nutmeg

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 375°F and grease a 9-by-13-inch baking dish with 1 tablespoon butter. Keep the sliced potatoes covered with cold water while making the sauce, then drain and pat dry.
  2. Melt the remaining butter in a saucepan and cook onion over medium heat for 6 minutes until softened. Stir in flour for 1 minute.
  3. Gradually whisk in milk and cream. Add salt, pepper and nutmeg and simmer for 3 minutes until lightly thickened.
  4. Layer half the potatoes in the dish, cover with half the sauce and repeat. Cover tightly with foil and bake for 45 minutes.
  5. Uncover and bake for 25 to 30 minutes until the surface is golden and a thin knife slides through the center without resistance. Rest for 15 minutes before serving.

Whole-Berry Cranberry Sauce

Cranberry sauce thickens as it cools, so don’t boil it down to the consistency you want in the serving bowl. Leave a few berries intact for texture. Orange juice softens the sharp edge without turning this into a citrus dessert. I like this cold against hot stuffing, especially when the rest of the plate is covered in gravy.

glossy deep red cranberry sauce with several whole berries and a thick spoonable texture in a small ordinary bowl
Melissa Hart

Whole-Berry Cranberry Sauce

Cranberry sauce thickens as it cools, so don't boil it down to the consistency you want in the serving bowl. Leave a few berries intact for texture. Orange juice softens the sharp edge without turning this into a citrus dessert. I like this cold against hot stuffing, especially when the rest of the plate is covered in gravy.
Prep Time 5 minutes
Cook Time 15 minutes
Total Time 20 minutes
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

Method
 

  1. Combine sugar, orange juice and water in a medium saucepan. Bring to a simmer over medium heat, stirring until the sugar dissolves.
  2. Add cranberries and return to a gentle simmer. Cook for 10 to 12 minutes, stirring occasionally, until most berries burst and the liquid looks lightly syrupy.
  3. Remove from the heat and stir in orange zest and salt. Leave a few whole berries instead of mashing the mixture smooth.
  4. Transfer to a shallow heatproof container and cool for 20 minutes. Refrigerate for at least 2 hours, additional to the listed active time, until cold and thickened.
  5. Stir gently and spoon into a serving bowl just before the meal.

Parker House Dinner Rolls

The fold gives these rolls a soft pocket and a buttery edge you can pull apart. Don’t rush the rise in a cold kitchen. Wait for dough that looks puffy and nearly doubled, even if the clock says it should be ready. Bake the rolls close together so their sides stay tender. A light brushing of butter on the warm tops is enough.

soft golden folded Parker House rolls arranged closely in a plain metal baking pan, with their offset folded edges visible
Melissa Hart

Parker House Dinner Rolls

The fold gives these rolls a soft pocket and a buttery edge you can pull apart. Don't rush the rise in a cold kitchen. Wait for dough that looks puffy and nearly doubled, even if the clock says it should be ready. Bake the rolls close together so their sides stay tender. A light brushing of butter on the warm tops is enough.
Prep Time 35 minutes
Cook Time 22 minutes
Total Time 57 minutes
Servings: 16

Ingredients
  

  • 3 1/2 cups all-purpose flour plus 2 tbsp for shaping
  • 2 1/4 tsp instant yeast
  • 3 tbsp granulated sugar
  • 1 tsp fine salt
  • 1 cup whole milk warmed to 105°F
  • 1 large egg
  • 8 tbsp unsalted butter divided

Method
 

  1. Mix 3 1/2 cups flour, yeast, sugar and salt in a large bowl. Melt 4 tablespoons butter and let cool until warm, then mix with milk and egg and stir into the flour.
  2. Knead for 8 to 10 minutes until smooth and elastic, using the 2 tablespoons extra flour only as needed for sticking. Cover and let rise for 60 to 90 minutes until nearly doubled, additional to active prep time.
  3. Grease a 9-by-13-inch metal baking pan with 1 tablespoon butter. Roll the dough into a 12-by-16-inch rectangle and brush with 2 tablespoons melted butter.
  4. Cut into sixteen 3-by-4-inch rectangles. Fold each crosswise almost in half, leaving a narrow lower lip visible, and arrange closely in the pan; cover and rise for 35 to 50 minutes until puffy.
  5. Heat the oven to 375°F and bake for 18 to 22 minutes until golden and cooked through. Brush with the remaining tablespoon butter and cool for 10 minutes before separating.

Roasted Brussels Sprouts

For browned sprouts instead of a pan of steamed vegetables, put the dry cut faces against the metal and leave them alone through the first stretch of roasting. Toss with the vinegar only after the edges have crisped, when it can brighten the browned leaves without making the roasting tray wet.

roasted halved Brussels sprouts with deeply browned flat faces and a few crisp loose leaves in an ordinary serving bowl
Melissa Hart

Roasted Brussels Sprouts

For browned sprouts instead of a pan of steamed vegetables, put the dry cut faces against the metal and leave them alone through the first stretch of roasting. Toss with the vinegar only after the edges have crisped, when it can brighten the browned leaves without making the roasting tray wet.
Prep Time 15 minutes
Cook Time 30 minutes
Total Time 45 minutes
Servings: 8

Ingredients
  

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 425°F and set out a large rimmed metal baking sheet. Pat the halved sprouts dry, keeping any clean loose leaves.
  2. Toss sprouts and leaves with olive oil, salt and pepper. Arrange the halves cut-side down in one uncrowded layer.
  3. Roast for 20 minutes without stirring so the cut faces brown. Turn the larger sprouts and roast for 5 to 10 minutes more until tender with crisp edges.
  4. Whisk balsamic vinegar and honey in a large serving bowl.
  5. Add the hot sprouts and toss briefly to coat, then serve promptly while the browned leaves still have some crunch.

Corn Casserole

This is the soft, spoonable cornbread side, with cornmeal in the batter and two forms of corn. It should have a browned rim and a moist center that holds together when scooped. Don’t confuse a tender crumb with raw batter. Give the pan a short rest after baking, especially if the first spoonful needs to sit neatly beside mashed potatoes.

golden corn casserole with a moist cornbread-like crumb and visible corn kernels, one serving removed from a plain baking dish
Melissa Hart

Corn Casserole

This is the soft, spoonable cornbread side, with cornmeal in the batter and two forms of corn. It should have a browned rim and a moist center that holds together when scooped. Don't confuse a tender crumb with raw batter. Give the pan a short rest after baking, especially if the first spoonful needs to sit neatly beside mashed potatoes.
Prep Time 15 minutes
Cook Time 45 minutes
Total Time 1 hour
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 350°F and grease a 2-quart baking dish with the teaspoon butter. Whisk cornmeal, flour, sugar, baking powder and salt in a bowl.
  2. In a second bowl, stir together creamed corn, drained kernels, sour cream, eggs and melted butter until evenly mixed.
  3. Fold the dry ingredients into the corn mixture just until no dry flour remains. Pour into the dish and smooth the surface.
  4. Bake for 40 to 45 minutes until the edges are golden, the center is set and a thermometer in the middle reads 160°F.
  5. Let stand for 10 minutes before serving in soft squares or spoonfuls.

Honey Glazed Carrots

A wide skillet lets the cooking water disappear before the carrots go soft. Once they’re tender, the honey and butter turn the last spoonfuls of liquid into a glossy coating. Keep the pieces the same thickness. Thick chunks and paper-thin rounds won’t reach that stage together, and nobody wants half the serving bowl crunchy while the other half falls apart.

tender diagonal carrot slices coated in a light glossy honey-butter glaze in a plain serving bowl, without garnish
Melissa Hart

Honey Glazed Carrots

A wide skillet lets the cooking water disappear before the carrots go soft. Once they're tender, the honey and butter turn the last spoonfuls of liquid into a glossy coating. Keep the pieces the same thickness. Thick chunks and paper-thin rounds won't reach that stage together, and nobody wants half the serving bowl crunchy while the other half falls apart.
Prep Time 15 minutes
Cook Time 20 minutes
Total Time 35 minutes
Servings: 8

Ingredients
  

  • 2 lbs carrots peeled and cut into 1/2-inch diagonal slices
  • 3/4 cup water
  • 3 tbsp unsalted butter
  • 2 tbsp honey
  • 3/4 tsp fine salt
  • 1/4 tsp black pepper
  • 1 tbsp fresh lemon juice

Method
 

  1. Put carrots, water and salt in a wide skillet with a lid. Bring to a simmer over medium-high heat.
  2. Cover and cook for 7 to 9 minutes until the carrots are nearly tender when pierced, shaking the pan once.
  3. Uncover and cook for 4 to 6 minutes until most of the water has evaporated. Stir gently so the bottom pieces do not stick.
  4. Add butter, honey and pepper. Cook for 2 to 3 minutes, tossing, until the remaining liquid forms a shiny coating on the carrots.
  5. Remove from the heat, toss with lemon juice and serve while the glaze still clings to the slices.

Sausage and Fennel Stuffing

Sourdough and browned sausage give this stuffing a stronger flavor than the plain bread version. Fennel softens into sweet little pieces without adding fruit. Keep the sausage in small crumbles rather than breaking it down until it disappears. Brown it properly first. Pale steamed sausage wastes the chance to put a good savory base under all that toasted bread.

toasted sourdough stuffing with visible browned sausage crumbles and small softened fennel and celery pieces in a plain casserole dish
Melissa Hart

Sausage and Fennel Stuffing

Sourdough and browned sausage give this stuffing a stronger flavor than the plain bread version. Fennel softens into sweet little pieces without adding fruit. Keep the sausage in small crumbles rather than breaking it down until it disappears. Brown it properly first. Pale steamed sausage wastes the chance to put a good savory base under all that toasted bread.
Prep Time 25 minutes
Cook Time 1 hour 15 minutes
Total Time 1 hour 40 minutes
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

  • 12 cups day-old sourdough bread cubes about 1 lb
  • 1 lb bulk pork breakfast sausage
  • 3 tbsp unsalted butter divided
  • 1 medium fennel bulb trimmed and finely diced
  • 1 medium yellow onion diced
  • 2 celery ribs diced
  • 1 tsp dried rubbed sage
  • 1/2 tsp fine salt
  • 1/2 tsp black pepper
  • 2 1/2 cups low-sodium chicken broth
  • 2 large eggs

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 350°F and dry the bread cubes on a large baking sheet for 10 minutes. Grease a 9-by-13-inch baking dish with 1 tablespoon butter.
  2. Brown sausage in a large skillet over medium-high heat for 8 to 10 minutes, breaking it into small crumbles, until cooked through to 160°F. Transfer to a large bowl, leaving about 1 tablespoon rendered fat in the skillet.
  3. Add the remaining butter, fennel, onion and celery to the skillet. Cook for 8 minutes until softened, then stir in sage, salt and pepper and add to the sausage with the bread.
  4. Whisk broth and eggs together, pour over the bread mixture and fold gently. Let stand for 5 minutes, then spoon loosely into the baking dish.
  5. Cover and bake for 25 minutes. Uncover and bake for 15 to 20 minutes until the top is browned and the center reaches 165°F; rest for 10 minutes.

Skillet Creamed Corn

Crush a small portion of the corn before cooking it. Those broken kernels help thicken the cream while most of the corn stays whole, giving you a side that still has something to bite. A little flour keeps the sauce steady, but it shouldn’t make a paste. This one can wait on a low burner for a few minutes while the carving finishes.

whole yellow corn kernels in a lightly thickened cream sauce in an ordinary shallow serving bowl, with some crushed kernels mixed through
Melissa Hart

Skillet Creamed Corn

Crush a small portion of the corn before cooking it. Those broken kernels help thicken the cream while most of the corn stays whole, giving you a side that still has something to bite. A little flour keeps the sauce steady, but it shouldn't make a paste. This one can wait on a low burner for a few minutes while the carving finishes.
Prep Time 10 minutes
Cook Time 15 minutes
Total Time 25 minutes
Servings: 8

Ingredients
  

  • 6 cups frozen sweet corn thawed
  • 3 tbsp unsalted butter
  • 1 small shallot finely chopped
  • 1 tbsp all-purpose flour
  • 3/4 cup whole milk
  • 3/4 cup heavy cream
  • 3/4 tsp fine salt
  • 1/4 tsp black pepper
  • 1/8 tsp ground nutmeg

Method
 

  1. Put 1 cup corn in a bowl and crush roughly with a potato masher, leaving the other 5 cups whole.
  2. Melt butter in a large skillet over medium heat and cook shallot for 3 minutes until softened without browning.
  3. Stir in flour for 1 minute, then gradually add milk and cream while stirring to make a smooth sauce.
  4. Add all the corn, salt, pepper and nutmeg. Simmer gently for 8 to 10 minutes, stirring often, until the kernels are hot and the sauce clings to them.
  5. Remove from the heat and let stand for 2 minutes before serving; keep the corn spoonable rather than boiling it down until dry.

Roasted Butternut Squash

Butternut needs room on the pan more than it needs sugar. Crowded cubes release enough steam to keep their edges pale, even in a hot oven. Cut them evenly and use two pans if your squash fills one too tightly. A small amount of sage stirred into the oil seasons the actual food instead of leaving a decorative leaf on top.

roasted orange butternut squash cubes with browned edges and tiny cooked sage flecks in a plain serving bowl
Melissa Hart

Roasted Butternut Squash

Butternut needs room on the pan more than it needs sugar. Crowded cubes release enough steam to keep their edges pale, even in a hot oven. Cut them evenly and use two pans if your squash fills one too tightly. A small amount of sage stirred into the oil seasons the actual food instead of leaving a decorative leaf on top.
Prep Time 20 minutes
Cook Time 35 minutes
Total Time 55 minutes
Servings: 8

Ingredients
  

  • 1 large butternut squash about 3 1/2 lbs, peeled and seeded
  • 3 tbsp olive oil
  • 1 tsp fine salt
  • 1/2 tsp black pepper
  • 1 tsp dried rubbed sage
  • 1 tbsp apple cider vinegar

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 425°F and set out two rimmed baking sheets. Cut the prepared squash into 3/4-inch cubes.
  2. Toss squash with olive oil, salt, pepper and sage until evenly coated.
  3. Spread across the sheets in single layers with small gaps between the cubes. Roast for 20 minutes.
  4. Turn the cubes, switch the sheets between racks and roast for 10 to 15 minutes more until browned along the edges and tender in the middle.
  5. Transfer to a serving bowl and toss with cider vinegar just before serving.

Hashbrown Casserole

Thaw the hashbrowns and squeeze out excess moisture before folding them into the cheddar sauce, or you’ll risk a cold, watery middle under an already-browned topping. Sour cream gives the filling a little tang, and a thin cornflake crust supplies crunch without burying the recognizable potato shreds in every spoonful.

a casserole of creamy shredded potatoes and cheddar beneath a thin golden cornflake topping, with potato shreds visible in a spooned-out section
Melissa Hart

Hashbrown Casserole

Thaw the hashbrowns and squeeze out excess moisture before folding them into the cheddar sauce, or you'll risk a cold, watery middle under an already-browned topping. Sour cream gives the filling a little tang, and a thin cornflake crust supplies crunch without burying the recognizable potato shreds in every spoonful.
Prep Time 25 minutes
Cook Time 55 minutes
Total Time 1 hour 20 minutes
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

  • 1 bag frozen shredded hashbrown potatoes 30 oz, thawed and squeezed dry
  • 4 tbsp unsalted butter divided
  • 1 small yellow onion finely diced
  • 2 tbsp all-purpose flour
  • 1 cup whole milk
  • 3/4 cup low-sodium chicken broth
  • 1 cup sour cream
  • 8 oz sharp cheddar cheese grated
  • 3/4 tsp fine salt
  • 1/2 tsp black pepper
  • 1 1/2 cups plain cornflakes lightly crushed
  • 1 tsp unsalted butter for the dish

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 350°F and grease a 9-by-13-inch baking dish with the teaspoon butter. Spread the thawed potatoes on a clean towel and squeeze out excess water.
  2. Melt 2 tablespoons butter in a saucepan and cook onion over medium heat for 5 minutes. Stir in flour for 1 minute, then gradually add milk and broth and simmer for 3 minutes until thickened.
  3. Remove from the heat and stir in sour cream, cheddar, salt and pepper. Fold the sauce into the potatoes and spread in the baking dish.
  4. Melt the remaining 2 tablespoons butter and toss with crushed cornflakes. Scatter evenly over the potatoes.
  5. Bake for 40 to 45 minutes until bubbling in the center and golden on top. Rest for 10 minutes before serving.

Broccoli Cheddar Casserole

Broccoli should keep its shape under the cheese sauce. A quick blanch is enough before baking, and thorough draining matters more than another handful of crackers on top. The stems belong in the dish too if you peel and slice them thinly. This makes a vegetable side with a crisp lid, not a bowl of sauce with a few green specks.

bright cooked broccoli florets in a pale cheddar sauce with a crisp crushed-cracker topping in an everyday casserole dish
Melissa Hart

Broccoli Cheddar Casserole

Broccoli should keep its shape under the cheese sauce. A quick blanch is enough before baking, and thorough draining matters more than another handful of crackers on top. The stems belong in the dish too if you peel and slice them thinly. This makes a vegetable side with a crisp lid, not a bowl of sauce with a few green specks.
Prep Time 25 minutes
Cook Time 35 minutes
Total Time 1 hour
Servings: 8

Ingredients
  

  • 1 1/2 lbs broccoli cut into small florets with peeled stems thinly sliced
  • 3 tbsp unsalted butter
  • 3 tbsp all-purpose flour
  • 1 1/2 cups whole milk
  • 1/2 cup low-sodium vegetable broth
  • 1 tsp Dijon mustard
  • 3/4 tsp fine salt
  • 1/4 tsp black pepper
  • 6 oz sharp cheddar cheese grated
  • 3/4 cup crushed buttery round crackers
  • 1 tbsp unsalted butter melted, for topping
  • 1 tsp unsalted butter for the dish

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 375°F and butter a 2-quart baking dish. Boil the broccoli for 2 minutes, then drain and spread on a towel to release excess water.
  2. Melt the 3 tablespoons butter in a saucepan over medium heat. Whisk in flour for 1 minute, then gradually add milk and broth.
  3. Simmer for 3 to 4 minutes until the sauce coats a spoon. Remove from the heat and stir in mustard, salt, pepper and cheddar until smooth.
  4. Fold broccoli into the sauce and transfer to the dish. Toss cracker crumbs with the topping butter and scatter over the surface.
  5. Bake for 20 to 25 minutes until bubbling around the edges and golden on top. Rest for 5 minutes before serving.

Make-Ahead Turkey Gravy

Good stock lets you make gravy before there’s a turkey pan to scrape. Brown the roux to a light hazelnut color for a deeper flavor. Add warm stock gradually so the flour doesn’t clump. The finished gravy should coat a spoon but still pour, and it will tighten in the refrigerator. Save some stock for reheating instead of judging it by the cold texture.

smooth medium-brown turkey gravy with tiny cooked shallot flecks in a plain gravy boat, with no garnish or food arranged around it
Melissa Hart

Make-Ahead Turkey Gravy

Good stock lets you make gravy before there's a turkey pan to scrape. Brown the roux to a light hazelnut color for a deeper flavor. Add warm stock gradually so the flour doesn't clump. The finished gravy should coat a spoon but still pour, and it will tighten in the refrigerator. Save some stock for reheating instead of judging it by the cold texture.
Prep Time 10 minutes
Cook Time 20 minutes
Total Time 30 minutes
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

  • 4 tbsp unsalted butter
  • 1 small shallot finely minced
  • 1/4 cup all-purpose flour
  • 3 cups low-sodium turkey stock warmed
  • 1/2 tsp dried thyme
  • 1/2 tsp fine salt
  • 1/2 tsp black pepper
  • 1 tsp Worcestershire sauce
  • 1/2 cup low-sodium turkey stock reserved for reheating

Method
 

  1. Melt butter in a medium saucepan over medium heat. Add shallot and cook for 3 minutes until softened.
  2. Stir in flour and cook for 4 to 5 minutes, stirring constantly, until the roux turns light hazelnut brown without dark specks.
  3. Whisk in the 3 cups warm stock a little at a time, scraping the bottom until smooth. Add thyme, salt, pepper and Worcestershire.
  4. Simmer gently for 8 to 10 minutes, stirring often, until the gravy coats a spoon. Serve immediately or transfer to a shallow container and refrigerate within 2 hours for up to 2 days.
  5. Reheat chilled gravy in a saucepan, whisking in the reserved stock a little at a time as needed, until it reaches a full simmer and 165°F. Serve hot.

Stovetop Candied Yams

The supermarket yams used here are orange sweet potatoes, sliced into thick rounds that hold their shape. A covered simmer cooks them through before the lid comes off to reduce the syrup. Don’t stir them like a pot of soup. Shake the pan and turn the slices gently so the finished side has tender rounds under a shiny brown-sugar coating.

thick orange sweet potato rounds coated in a glossy brown-sugar syrup in a plain shallow serving dish, with the slices mostly intact
Melissa Hart

Stovetop Candied Yams

The supermarket yams used here are orange sweet potatoes, sliced into thick rounds that hold their shape. A covered simmer cooks them through before the lid comes off to reduce the syrup. Don't stir them like a pot of soup. Shake the pan and turn the slices gently so the finished side has tender rounds under a shiny brown-sugar coating.
Prep Time 20 minutes
Cook Time 35 minutes
Total Time 55 minutes
Servings: 8

Ingredients
  

  • 2 1/2 lbs orange sweet potatoes peeled and cut into 1/2-inch rounds
  • 4 tbsp unsalted butter
  • 1/2 cup packed dark brown sugar
  • 3/4 cup water
  • 1/2 tsp ground cinnamon
  • 1/4 tsp ground nutmeg
  • 1/2 tsp fine salt
  • 1 tsp vanilla extract

Method
 

  1. Arrange sweet potato rounds in a wide heavy skillet with a lid, overlapping slightly if necessary. Add butter, brown sugar, water, cinnamon, nutmeg and salt.
  2. Bring to a gentle simmer over medium heat, then cover and cook for 15 minutes. Shake the pan occasionally rather than stirring hard.
  3. Turn the rounds carefully with a thin spatula, cover again and simmer for 8 to 10 minutes until a knife enters easily.
  4. Uncover and simmer for 5 to 8 minutes, spooning syrup over the rounds, until the liquid thickens and coats the potatoes.
  5. Remove from the heat and gently fold in vanilla. Let stand for 5 minutes so the syrup thickens slightly before serving.

Roasted Root Vegetables

Carrots, parsnips and turnips don’t start with the same sweetness, which is why I like them roasted together rather than hidden under a heavy glaze. Cut the dense pieces small enough to finish together, spread them across two pans and let the mustard-seasoned oil cling to their rough edges. They should come out tender inside with real browning on the corners.

roasted carrot, parsnip and turnip pieces with browned edges and tiny cooked thyme flecks loosely piled in an ordinary serving dish
Melissa Hart

Roasted Root Vegetables

Carrots, parsnips and turnips don't start with the same sweetness, which is why I like them roasted together rather than hidden under a heavy glaze. Cut the dense pieces small enough to finish together, spread them across two pans and let the mustard-seasoned oil cling to their rough edges. They should come out tender inside with real browning on the corners.
Prep Time 25 minutes
Cook Time 40 minutes
Total Time 1 hour 5 minutes
Servings: 8

Ingredients
  

  • 1 lb carrots peeled and cut into 3/4-inch pieces
  • 1 lb parsnips peeled and cut into 3/4-inch pieces, woody cores removed
  • 1 lb turnips peeled and cut into 3/4-inch cubes
  • 3 tbsp olive oil
  • 1 tbsp Dijon mustard
  • 1 tsp fine salt
  • 1/2 tsp black pepper
  • 1 tsp dried thyme

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 425°F and set out two rimmed baking sheets. Pat the prepared vegetables dry so the oil can coat them.
  2. Whisk olive oil, mustard, salt, pepper and thyme in a large bowl. Add carrots, parsnips and turnips and toss thoroughly.
  3. Divide between the sheets in loose single layers. Roast for 20 minutes without crowding the pieces into piles.
  4. Turn the vegetables, swap the sheets between oven racks and roast for 15 to 20 minutes more until browned and easily pierced.
  5. Transfer to a warm serving dish and serve promptly; avoid covering tightly, which softens the browned edges with steam.

Cheddar Drop Biscuits

Drop biscuits are useful when there’s no clean patch of counter left for rolling dough. Keep the butter cold. Stop mixing while the batter still looks rough, before the urge to smooth out every lump takes over. The cheddar forms little browned spots along the edges, and the uneven tops give you plenty of crisp bits to pull off. Serve them while their centers still release a little steam.

rough golden cheddar drop biscuits with visible browned cheese flecks and uneven craggy tops on an ordinary baking sheet
Melissa Hart

Cheddar Drop Biscuits

Drop biscuits are useful when there's no clean patch of counter left for rolling dough. Keep the butter cold. Stop mixing while the batter still looks rough, before the urge to smooth out every lump takes over. The cheddar forms little browned spots along the edges, and the uneven tops give you plenty of crisp bits to pull off. Serve them while their centers still release a little steam.
Prep Time 15 minutes
Cook Time 18 minutes
Total Time 33 minutes
Servings: 12

Ingredients
  

  • 2 cups all-purpose flour
  • 1 tbsp baking powder
  • 1 tsp granulated sugar
  • 3/4 tsp fine salt
  • 1/2 tsp garlic powder
  • 6 tbsp cold unsalted butter cut into small cubes
  • 1 cup sharp cheddar cheese grated
  • 1 cup cold buttermilk
  • 1 tbsp unsalted butter melted, for brushing

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 425°F and line a large baking sheet with parchment. Whisk flour, baking powder, sugar, salt and garlic powder in a bowl.
  2. Cut in the cold butter with a pastry blender or fingertips until the mixture has coarse crumbs and a few pea-size pieces. Fold in cheddar.
  3. Pour in buttermilk and stir just until no loose flour remains; keep the dough rough rather than beating it smooth.
  4. Drop 12 mounds onto the sheet with a large spoon, leaving 2 inches between them. Bake for 15 to 18 minutes until the tops and bottoms are golden.
  5. Brush lightly with the melted tablespoon butter and let stand for 5 minutes before serving.

Cranberry Apple Gelatin Salad

This cold, tart spoonful cuts through a plate of hot gravy and potatoes, with fresh cranberries to keep it from tasting only of sweet gelatin. Let the gelatin thicken slightly before folding in the fruit and celery so the pieces stay suspended instead of sinking. I set it in a plain dish and scoop it rather than wrestling with a decorative mold.

deep red cranberry gelatin salad with small suspended apple, pineapple, celery and walnut pieces in a plain glass serving dish, with a spooned-out portion
Melissa Hart

Cranberry Apple Gelatin Salad

This cold, tart spoonful cuts through a plate of hot gravy and potatoes, with fresh cranberries to keep it from tasting only of sweet gelatin. Let the gelatin thicken slightly before folding in the fruit and celery so the pieces stay suspended instead of sinking. I set it in a plain dish and scoop it rather than wrestling with a decorative mold.
Prep Time 25 minutes
Cook Time 5 minutes
Total Time 30 minutes
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

Method
 

  1. Pulse the cranberries in a food processor until finely chopped without becoming a puree. Toss with sugar and let stand for 10 minutes.
  2. Dissolve the gelatin mix completely in the boiling water in a heatproof bowl, stirring for 2 minutes. Stir in cold water.
  3. Refrigerate for 35 to 50 minutes, additional to active prep time, until the gelatin thickens to the consistency of unbeaten egg white but has not set.
  4. Fold in the cranberries with their juices, drained pineapple, apple, celery and walnuts. Spoon into a 2-quart serving dish.
  5. Cover and refrigerate for at least 4 hours until fully set. Serve cold in spoonfuls, keeping the dish chilled until the meal.

Sweet Corn Custard Pudding

Corn pudding sits softly on the spoon, with whole kernels held in a barely set custard. There’s no cornmeal or flour here to turn it into cornbread. Watch the center toward the end of baking. A gentle tremble is fine, but a liquid wave means it needs more time. Baking until the whole pan is rigid squeezes moisture out of the eggs.

a soft yellow corn custard pudding with whole corn kernels, lightly golden edges and a spooned opening revealing the tender creamy interior
Melissa Hart

Sweet Corn Custard Pudding

Corn pudding sits softly on the spoon, with whole kernels held in a barely set custard. There's no cornmeal or flour here to turn it into cornbread. Watch the center toward the end of baking. A gentle tremble is fine, but a liquid wave means it needs more time. Baking until the whole pan is rigid squeezes moisture out of the eggs.
Prep Time 15 minutes
Cook Time 50 minutes
Total Time 1 hour 5 minutes
Servings: 10

Ingredients
  

  • 4 cups frozen sweet corn thawed and drained
  • 4 large eggs
  • 3/4 cup whole milk
  • 3/4 cup heavy cream
  • 3 tbsp granulated sugar
  • 3 tbsp unsalted butter melted and cooled
  • 3/4 tsp fine salt
  • 1/8 tsp ground nutmeg
  • 1 tsp unsalted butter for the dish

Method
 

  1. Heat the oven to 350°F and butter a shallow 2-quart baking dish with the measured teaspoon butter. Drain the corn well and pat away surface moisture.
  2. Whisk eggs, milk, cream, sugar, melted butter, salt and nutmeg until smooth without whipping in much air.
  3. Fold in corn and pour into the baking dish. Spread the kernels evenly across the bottom.
  4. Bake for 40 to 50 minutes until lightly golden around the edges and 160°F in the center, with only a gentle central wobble rather than flowing liquid.
  5. Let stand for 10 minutes before serving in soft spoonfuls.

What to make the day before and what can’t be

Cranberry sauce and cranberry gelatin salad are easy wins the day before because both need time to chill. Make the gravy too, cool it in a shallow container and refrigerate it promptly. The cream-cheese mashed potatoes are designed for an overnight stay in the refrigerator, while plain buttery mashed potatoes are better made close to the meal. Don’t treat every potato recipe as equally happy with a second heating.

Cut vegetables, grate cheese, cube bread and measure the dry ingredients for biscuits ahead. Keep prepared vegetables covered and chilled, and keep dry bread in a separate container. For stuffing, cook and refrigerate the vegetables or sausage separately from the bread; combine with broth and eggs before baking. That leaves less chopping on Thursday without asking a wet tray of bread to hold its texture overnight.

Roasted sprouts and root vegetables lose their crisp edges under a tight lid, so give them the final stretch of oven time. Save biscuit mixing for near serving, and add fried onions or marshmallows only when their casseroles are almost ready. If you fully cook a dish ahead, refrigerate it within two hours and reheat its center to 165°F. Use a metal pan for a casserole going from refrigerator to oven, and follow the pan maker’s directions; cold glass and sudden heat are a poor combination.

Oven space: the order to bake everything

Start with the pans, not just the recipes. Set the empty dishes on your oven racks and check what actually fits with room for air to circulate. Two wide casseroles that each fit alone may block the oven when stacked tightly together. Choose a workable menu before filling every dish in the cupboard, and note which sides can use burners instead: gravy, glazed carrots, creamed corn and stovetop macaroni can all help.

Bake long, forgiving casseroles earlier in the schedule and plan the last hot window around roasted vegetables and biscuits. Once the turkey is out, the oven can move to 425°F for sprouts, squash or roots while the bird rests before carving. Don’t assume a cold casserole will warm through during a short turkey rest. The make-ahead potatoes need their own reheating slot, and dense pans deserve a thermometer check rather than a guess from bubbling edges.

Keep a short written order with each dish’s temperature, expected time and finishing step. A 350°F corn casserole and 375°F scalloped potatoes shouldn’t share an invented compromise temperature without allowing for changed cooking times. Rotate pans when the oven is crowded and check the centers. Put rolls or biscuits in near the end, then use the cooling oven only briefly for dishes that are already hot; a barely warm oven is not a reliable place to heat a refrigerator-cold pan.

Questions people ask

How many side dishes do I need for Thanksgiving?

For a smaller table, four or five well-chosen sides can be plenty: a potato, a stuffing, a green vegetable, cranberry sauce and bread if people expect it. Add another vegetable or sweet casserole as the guest count grows. Think about portions and oven capacity together instead of counting dishes alone.

Can I bake the stuffing inside the turkey?

These stuffing recipes are written for separate baking dishes, with their own liquid ratios and oven times. Keep them in those dishes so you can check the center independently. They need to reach 165°F, and a crisp top is much easier to get outside the bird.

What is the difference between corn casserole and corn pudding?

The corn casserole here contains flour and cornmeal, so it has a soft cornbread crumb. The pudding uses eggs and dairy to hold whole kernels in a tender custard. Creamed corn is the third option: a stovetop side with a spoonable sauce and no baked structure.

Can I double a casserole in the same size pan?

Use two pans instead of doubling the depth in one. A deeper center heats much more slowly, and the top can overbrown before the middle is ready. Leave space around the pans, rotate them as needed and check each one separately.

How do I keep the meal from cooling before everyone sits down?

Warm serving bowls with hot water, then dry them just before filling. Finish crisp foods last and keep sauces gently hot on the stove. If a longer hold is unavoidable, use equipment that keeps hot food at 140°F or above; refrigerate perishable leftovers within two hours rather than leaving the table set all afternoon.

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