Combine potatoes, fennel, onion, garlic, tomatoes, broth, oil, oregano, salt and pepper in a 6-quart slow cooker. Cover and cook on low for 5 hours until the potato cubes are fully tender.
Turn the cooker to high, replace the lid and heat for 10 minutes. Pat the cold cod chunks dry.
Nestle cod into the hot liquid in one layer and cover. Cook on high for 20 to 30 minutes, starting checks at 20 minutes, until the thickest fish piece reaches 145°F and flakes gently.
Stir lemon juice into the broth with as little movement of the fish as possible.
Divide fish among 4 bowls with a slotted spoon, then ladle the vegetables and thick tomato broth around it and serve immediately.