Combine the chicken, buttermilk and 1 teaspoon salt and refrigerate for at least 4 hours and up to overnight.
Mix the flour, paprika, pepper, garlic powder, cayenne and remaining salt in a wide bowl.
Lift each chicken piece from the buttermilk, press it firmly into the flour mixture and rest it on a rack for 15 minutes.
Heat 2 inches of oil in a heavy pot to 325°F and fry the thighs and drumsticks for 13 to 16 minutes, turning, until 165°F; drain on a clean rack.
Fry the breasts and wings for 10 to 14 minutes until 165°F and let all the chicken rest for 8 minutes before serving.